A question on Dir-4.9, in a case when a function-like macro and a function are not interchangeable.

[mz99]

Is the use of the function-like macro compliant (shown in Example 1 and 2 below) with Dir-4.9, in a case when a function-like macro and a function are not interchangeable?

Example 1:
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#define ASSIGN( a, b ) ( ( a ) = ( b ) )
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Example 2:
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#define MACRO( a, b )

int32_t var1;
MACRO(var1,var2)
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The macros are not interchangeable with functions,
because in Example 1, the arguments can't be modified if it is defined as a function,
and in Example 2, compile error occurs because var2 is not defined.

[misra-c]

The amplification for directive 4.9 states that the guideline "applies only where a function is permitted by the syntax and constraints of the language standard."

Your examples cannot be re-written as functions and therefore directive 4.9 does not apply. There are no violations of directive 4.9.